Ukomiswa kwesifutho kubonakala ngokudluliswa kokushisa okusheshayo, ukuhwamuka kwamanzi ngokushesha, nesikhathi sokumisa ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umkhiqizo unekhwalithi enhle, ukuthungwa okuhlanzekile, nokuncibilika okuhle, okungathuthukisa izinga lokuqedwa kwamanye amalungiselelo futhi ufaneleke emithini ye-thermosensitive. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukomisa isifutho kungasetshenziswa futhi ukulungisa ama-microcapsules. Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokomisa udayi.
Indlela yokomisa yokukhipha umswakama ngokufaka odayi be-atomizing. Ifanele ukomisa odayi abahlukahlukene. Ingomisa impushana kadayi ocolekile, impushana ye-ultrafine, impushana engenazo izintuli, nama-granules angenalutho.
Ngokwendlela ye-atomization yedayi, ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu:
(1) I-athomu yokugeleza komoya, kusetshenziswa umoya ocindezelwe noma umhwamuko wamanzi ukwenza i-atomize uketshezi olubonakalayo;
(2) I-atomization yokucindezela, kusetshenziswa iphampu yokucindezela okuphezulu ukuze ucindezele uketshezi olubonakalayo luphume emlonyeni ngesivinini esikhulu, lwenza inkungu;
(3) I-Rotary atomization ihilela ukungeza uketshezi olubalulekile kudiski ezungezayo enesivinini esikhulu (7000~20000 r/min) ku-atomizer ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi olubalulekile nokulufaka i-athomu ngokushesha. Indlela yesithathu inemiphumela emihle, isikhathi esifushane, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kwabasebenzi, futhi ithandwa yimboni kadayi. Ububi bayo ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini ephezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu.
Umgomo wokomisa isifutho uwukuhlakaza izinto ezizomiswa zibe yizinhlayiya ezinhle njengenkungu ngokusebenzisa isenzo somshini, (ukwandisa indawo yokuhwamuka kwamanzi, ukusheshisa inqubo yokomisa) ukuthintana nomoya oshisayo, ukususa amanzi amaningi ngokuphazima kweso, bese womisa izinto eziqinile ezintweni zibe yimpushana.
Izinzuzo kanye nobubi bokumisa isifutho Izinzuzo zokumisa isifutho:
1. Inqubo yokomisa ishesha kakhulu;
2. Ingomiswa ngokuqondile ibe yimpushana;
3. Kulula ukushintsha izimo zokumisa futhi ulungise izindinganiso zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo;
4. Ngenxa yokuhwamuka ngokushesha, izidingo zokukhetha zezinto zemishini aziqinile;
5. Igumbi lokomisa linokucindezela okuthile okungalungile, ukuqinisekisa izimo zenhlanzeko ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukugwema uthuli endizayo endaweni yokusebenzela, nokuthuthukisa ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo;
6. Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okunabasebenzisi abambalwa.
Ububi bokomisa isifutho:
1. Izinto zokusebenza ziyinkimbinkimbi uma kuqhathaniswa, zihlanganisa indawo enkulu, futhi zidinga utshalomali olukhulu lwesikhathi esisodwa;
2. Intengo yama-atomizer kanye namadivayisi okubuyisela impushana iphakeme kakhulu;
3. Idinga inani elikhulu lomoya, ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi we-blower kanye nomthamo wedivayisi yokutakula;
4. Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphansi nokusetshenziswa kokushisa okuphezulu.
Izidingo zokomisa isifutho kumishini:
1. Izingxenye ezixhumene nomkhiqizo kumele kube lula ukuzihlanza nokubulala amagciwane;
2. Izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe ukuvimbela i-coke powder ekukhiqizeni ama-eddy currents kanye ne-countercurrent emoyeni oshisayo;
3. Vimbela umoya ekuthwaleni ukungcola emkhiqizweni;
4. Ifakwe izinga lokushisa nengcindezi ekhombisayo kanye nemishini yokuqopha ukuze ihlolwe kalula ukusebenza kokukhiqiza;
5. Idivayisi yokubuyisela uthuli enezinga eliphezulu lokubuyisela;
6. I-powder kufanele ikhishwe ngokushesha futhi ipholile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncibilika nokuncibilika ngokushesha;
7. Izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokomisa kanye nezinga lokushisa lokukhipha umoya akufanele lidlule i-100 ℃ ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nekhwalithi;
8. Uma ufutha, amaconsi obisi agxilile athintana nomoya oshisayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokushisa;
9. Nciphisa ukunamathela odongeni kwezinto ezibonayo kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini yokumisa isifutho kuhlukaniswa ngokwendlela ye-granulation:
1) Indlela yokumisa isifutho ngomfutho:
① Isimiso: Kusetshenziswa iphampu enengcindezi ephezulu, okokusebenza kufinyezwa kube yinkungu engu-10-200 njengezinhlayiya nge-atomizer (isibhamu sokufafaza) ngomfutho we-atmospheric ongu-70-200, othintana ngokuqondile nomoya oshisayo ukuze uthole ukushintshanisa ukushisa futhi iqede ukomisa ngesikhathi esifushane.
② Idivayisi ye-pressure spray granulation: Uhlobo lwe-M nohlobo lwe-S, olunomsele oqondisayo ongenza ukugeleza koketshezi kujikeleze. I-axis ye-M-type guide groove i-perpendicular ku-axis ye-nozzle futhi ayihlanganisi nayo; I-eksisi yomsele womhlahlandlela omise okuka-S iku-engeli ethile ukuya evundlile. Inhloso wukuzama ukwandisa ukuxokozela kwesixazululo ngesikhathi sokufuthwa.
2) Indlela yokumisa isifutho se-Centrifugal:
① Isimiso: Idiski ezungezayo enesivinini esikhulu endaweni evundlile isetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa amandla aphakathi nendawo esixazululweni, ibangele ukuthi ilahlwe ngaphandle ngesivinini esikhulu, yenze ifilimu elincanyana, ucingo olucolekile, noma ithonsi eliwuketshezi. Ngenxa yokungqubuzana, ukuvinjelwa, kanye nokuklebhuka komoya, ukusheshisa kwe-tangential okukhiqizwa ukuzungezisa kwediski kanye nokusheshisa kwe-radial okukhiqizwe amandla amaphakathi kubangela isivinini esihlangene esinyakazayo kudiski, ne-trajectory yesimo esizungezayo. Ngemva kokuba uketshezi luphonswe ngaphandle kwediski ngaphezu kwalomugqa ovunguzayo, Ahlakazeke abe amaconsi amancane kakhulu, ahamba eduze kokuqondisa kwe-disk ngesivinini esilinganiselwe, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaconsi awela ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi esikhungo soMhlaba, ngenxa yobukhulu obuhlukene bezinhlayiya ezifuthwe. Ngakho-ke, amabanga azo endizayo nawo ahlukile, futhi izinhlayiya eziwela emabangeni ahlukene zakha isilinda esilinganayo mayelana ne-eksisi yokujikeleza.
② Izidingo zokuthola amaconsi afanayo amaningi:
a. Yehlisa ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokuzungezisa idiski
b. Inani loketshezi olungena kudiski lihlala lingashintshile ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye
c. Ingaphezulu le-disc liyisicaba futhi libushelelezi. d. Isivinini esiyisiyingi sediski akufanele sibe sincane kakhulu, rmin = 60m/s. Uma i-emulsion (100-160m/s) ingaphansi kuka-60m/s, amaconsi okufutha awalingani. Ibanga lesifutho libonakala ikakhulukazi lakhiwe iqembu lamaconsi kanye neqembu lamaconsi amahle acwila eduze kwediski, futhi lehla ngokunyuka kwejubane elijikelezayo.
③ Isakhiwo sesifutho se-centrifugal: izidingo: umjikelezo wokumanzisa yinde, isisombululo singafinyelela isivinini esikhulu sokujikeleza, isifutho siyiyunifomu, isakhiwo siqinile, silula, silula, alikho ekhoneni elifile, kulula ukuqaqa nokugeza, futhi ukukhiqiza kuphezulu. Hlela ngokwendlela yegumbi lokomisa ngokuya ngendlela yokuhamba phakathi komoya oshisayo kanye nezinhlayiya ezomisiwe ekamelweni lokumisa: uhlobo lokugeleza okuhambisanayo, uhlobo lokugeleza kwekhawunta, uhlobo lokugeleza okuxubile. Amaphethini okugeleza afanayo avame ukusetshenziswa obisini. Iphethini yokugeleza okuhambisanayo ingomiswa kusetshenziswa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokungenisa umoya ngaphandle kokuthinta ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
a. Iphethini yokugeleza evundlile
b. Ukwehla okuqondile nephethini yokugeleza
c. Uhlobo lokugeleza okuxubile kokwehla okuqondile.
d. Futha ukomiswa kokudla okukhuphukayo nokugelezayo Ezinye izakhamzimba zezitshalo zizolahleka ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu. Kulezi zitshalo, ukomiswa kweqhwa kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokugxila nokulondolozwa. Nokho, ezinye izitshalo zidinga izinga lokushisa elithile ukuze zisuse ubuthi. Kulezi zitshalo, ubuchwepheshe bokumisa isifutho bulungile. Thatha ubhontshisi wesoya njengesibonelo. Inqubo yokuhlanganisa idinga izinga lokushisa elithile ukuze kukhishwe into ebizwa ngokuthi i-trypsin inhibitors (ezokhinyabeza ukugayeka kokudla kanye nokubola kwamaprotheni).
Ukomiswa ngokufutha kuvame ukuba yisinyathelo sokugcina enqubweni yokukhiqiza, okuwukushintsha izinto eziwuketshezi ziye kuyimpushana ngokusebenzisa isifutho esiqhubekayo, ukuxuba kanye nokomisa. Phakathi kobuchwepheshe obuningi bokugcina ukudla, ukomisa isifutho kunezinzuzo zako eziyingqayizivele. Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa elisetshenziswe kulobu buchwepheshe aliphezulu kakhulu, lingagcina ngempumelelo ukunambitheka, umbala, nokudla okunomsoco ngenkathi kususwa ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane. Ukomisa ngokufutha kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa amanzi ezintweni ezingavuthiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inokunye ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, njengokushintsha usayizi, ukwakheka, noma ukuminyana kwezinto. Ingasiza ekwengezeni ezinye izithako phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukusiza ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo enamazinga aqinile ekhwalithi. Ukusebenza kwendlela yokumisa isifutho Ngaphambi kokumiswa ngokufutha, ubhontshisi wesoya kufanele ugezwe futhi ucwecwe, futhi izithako ezingenawo amaprotheni njengamafutha kufanele zincishiswe, ukuze kugxiliswe izithako ezinomsoco kubhontshisi wesoya. Ngemuva kokugxila okunjalo, ubhontshisi wesoya ungafuthwa omiswe.
Inqubo yangempela yokomisa isifutho ingahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa:
Okokuqala, umkhiqizo owuketshezi ufakwa ku-atomizer, lapho isondo elijikelezayo elinesivinini esikhulu lishintsha uketshezi, okwenza umkhiqizo ube yisimo sezinhlayiyana eziqinile zoketshezi.
Esinyathelweni sesibili, izinhlayiya ze-athomu ziqondiswe ekamelweni lokumisa elinokushisa okulawulekayo nokugeleza komoya, futhi umoya oshisayo uhwamulisa uketshezi ezinhlayiyeni. Ukuze umkhiqizo wokugcina uhlangabezane nezindinganiso, isikhathi sokuxhumana sezinhlayiya ezinomoya oshisayo kufanele sifaneleke ukugcina inani elithile lomswakama kumkhiqizo wempuphu; Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isimo ekamelweni lokumisa kufanele futhi silawulwe kahle, njengoba ubukhulu bomthamo wekamelo lokumisa kanye nezimo zomoya zingathinta umsoco womkhiqizo.
Isinyathelo sesithathu nesokugcina kulo lonke uhlelo ukuqoqa impushana ekugelezeni komoya esitsheni ngokusebenzisa isihlukanisi, ukuze umkhiqizo wokugcina ukwazi ukupakishwa noma uhlanganiswe nezinye izingxenye.
Izici:Isivinini sokumisa ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokufuthwa kwe-centrifugal, indawo engaphezulu yoketshezi lokuphakelayo iyanda kakhulu. Ekugelezeni komoya okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, u-95% - 98% wamanzi angahwamuka ngaso leso sikhathi, futhi isikhathi sokumisa siyimizuzwana embalwa kuphela. I-parallel flow spray drying ingenza amaconsi ageleze ngendlela efanayo nomoya oshisayo. Nakuba izinga lokushisa lomoya oshisayo liphezulu, umoya oshisayo ungena ekamelweni lokumisa bese uthintana ngokushesha namaconsi esifutho, okuholela ekwehleni okubukhali kwezinga lokushisa lasendlini, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa le-bulb elimanzi lezinto ezibonakalayo lingashintshiwe, ngakho-ke lifanele ukomisa izinto ezishisayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-26-2023